Efavirenz

Generic Name: efavirenz

Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Non-Nucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor [EPC]Over-the-Counter (OTC)

Brand Names:

Efavirenz

Efavirenz is an antiretroviral medication used in combination with other agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and pediatric patients.

Overview

Efavirenz is an antiretroviral medication used in combination with other agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and pediatric patients.

Uses

Indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in adults and in pediatric patients at least 3 months old and weighing at least 3.5 kg.

Dosage

Adults receive 600 mg orally once daily on an empty stomach, preferably at bedtime. Pediatric dosing is weight-based, ranging from 100 mg to 600 mg daily depending on body weight.

Side Effects

Most significant adverse reactions include psychiatric symptoms, nervous system symptoms, and rash. Common reactions include impaired concentration, abnormal dreams, rash, dizziness, nausea, headache, fatigue, insomnia, and vomiting.

Interactions

Efavirenz induces CYP3A and CYP2B6, potentially decreasing concentrations of many medications. Notable interactions include protease inhibitors, hepatitis C antivirals, anticonvulsants, and hormonal contraceptives.

Warnings

Serious psychiatric symptoms, QTc prolongation, nervous system symptoms, embryo-fetal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, rash, convulsions, lipid elevations, and immune reconstitution syndrome are documented concerns. Contraindicated in patients with clinically significant hypersensitivity.

Pregnancy

Should not be used in the first trimester due to potential neural tube defect risks. Pregnancy testing and effective contraception are recommended.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Efavirenz used for?

Indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in adults and in pediatric patients at least 3 months old and weighing at least 3.5 kg.

What are the side effects of Efavirenz?

Most significant adverse reactions include psychiatric symptoms, nervous system symptoms, and rash. Common reactions include impaired concentration, abnormal dreams, rash, dizziness, nausea, headache, fatigue, insomnia, and vomiting.

Can I take Efavirenz during pregnancy?

Should not be used in the first trimester due to potential neural tube defect risks. Pregnancy testing and effective contraception are recommended.

What are the important warnings for Efavirenz?

Serious psychiatric symptoms, QTc prolongation, nervous system symptoms, embryo-fetal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, rash, convulsions, lipid elevations, and immune reconstitution syndrome are documented concerns. Contraindicated in patients with clinically significant hypersensitivity.

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Medical Disclaimer

This drug information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Drug information is sourced from the FDA National Drug Code Directory and Structured Product Labeling. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.