Ethambutol Hydrochloride
Generic Name: ethambutol hydrochloride
Brand Names:
Ethambutol Hydrochloride
Ethambutol hydrochloride is an oral chemotherapeutic agent effective against actively growing Mycobacterium microorganisms, including M. tuberculosis. Available as white to off-white biconvex tablets in 100 mg or 400 mg strengths.
Overview
Ethambutol hydrochloride is an oral chemotherapeutic agent effective against actively growing Mycobacterium microorganisms, including M. tuberculosis. Available as white to off-white biconvex tablets in 100 mg or 400 mg strengths.
Uses
Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in combination with at least one other antituberculous drug. Used in initial treatment regimens and retreatment cases based on susceptibility studies.
Dosage
Initial treatment: 15 mg/kg once daily. Retreatment: 25 mg/kg once daily for 60 days, then decrease to 15 mg/kg. Not for pediatric patients under 13 years.
Side Effects
Visual acuity decreases including irreversible blindness (optic neuritis), scotoma, color blindness. Also: hypersensitivity, dermatitis, GI upset, fever, mental confusion, thrombocytopenia, peripheral neuritis, elevated uric acid, liver toxicities.
Interactions
Aluminum hydroxide antacids reduce ethambutol absorption by approximately 20%. Separate administration by at least 4 hours.
Warnings
May cause decreases in visual acuity related to optic neuritis, potentially irreversible. Liver toxicities including fatalities reported. Baseline and periodic hepatic function assessment required. Contraindicated with known hypersensitivity and optic neuritis.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Category C. No adequate controlled studies in pregnant women. Reports of ophthalmic abnormalities in infants. Excreted into breast milk.
Storage
Store at 20-25C (68-77F). Protect from light and moisture. Dispense in tight, light-resistant container.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Ethambutol Hydrochloride used for?▼
Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in combination with at least one other antituberculous drug. Used in initial treatment regimens and retreatment cases based on susceptibility studies.
What are the side effects of Ethambutol Hydrochloride?▼
Visual acuity decreases including irreversible blindness (optic neuritis), scotoma, color blindness. Also: hypersensitivity, dermatitis, GI upset, fever, mental confusion, thrombocytopenia, peripheral neuritis, elevated uric acid, liver toxicities.
Can I take Ethambutol Hydrochloride during pregnancy?▼
Pregnancy Category C. No adequate controlled studies in pregnant women. Reports of ophthalmic abnormalities in infants. Excreted into breast milk.
What are the important warnings for Ethambutol Hydrochloride?▼
May cause decreases in visual acuity related to optic neuritis, potentially irreversible. Liver toxicities including fatalities reported. Baseline and periodic hepatic function assessment required. Contraindicated with known hypersensitivity and optic neuritis.
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Medical Disclaimer
This drug information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Drug information is sourced from the FDA National Drug Code Directory and Structured Product Labeling. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.