Isosorbide Dinitrate
Generic Name: isosorbide dinitrate
Brand Names:
Isosorbide Dinitrate
Isosorbide dinitrate is an organic nitrate vasodilator affecting arteries and veins, available as oral tablets for the prevention of angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease.
Overview
Isosorbide dinitrate is an organic nitrate vasodilator affecting arteries and veins, available as oral tablets for the prevention of angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease.
Uses
Indicated for prevention of angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease. The onset of action of immediate-release oral isosorbide dinitrate is not sufficiently rapid to be useful in aborting an acute anginal episode.
Dosage
Usual starting dose: 5-20 mg two or three times daily. Maintenance: 10-40 mg two or three times daily. Requires a daily dose-free interval of at least 14 hours to minimize tolerance development.
Side Effects
Headache, which may be severe, is the most commonly reported side effect. Also transient lightheadedness, hypotension, syncope, and rarely methemoglobinemia. Effects generally dose-related.
Interactions
The vasodilating effects may be additive with those of other vasodilators. Alcohol exhibits additive effects. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors and riociguat are contraindicated.
Warnings
Severe hypotension may occur with small doses. Amplification of vasodilatory effects by sildenafil can result in severe hypotension. Not recommended for acute myocardial infarction or heart failure. Contraindicated in patients allergic to isosorbide dinitrate. Do not use with drugs for erectile dysfunction or riociguat.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Category C. Isosorbide dinitrate has been shown to cause a dose-related increase in embryotoxicity in rabbits at high doses. Use only if potential benefit justifies fetal risk.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Isosorbide Dinitrate used for?▼
Indicated for prevention of angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease. The onset of action of immediate-release oral isosorbide dinitrate is not sufficiently rapid to be useful in aborting an acute anginal episode.
What are the side effects of Isosorbide Dinitrate?▼
Headache, which may be severe, is the most commonly reported side effect. Also transient lightheadedness, hypotension, syncope, and rarely methemoglobinemia. Effects generally dose-related.
Can I take Isosorbide Dinitrate during pregnancy?▼
Pregnancy Category C. Isosorbide dinitrate has been shown to cause a dose-related increase in embryotoxicity in rabbits at high doses. Use only if potential benefit justifies fetal risk.
What are the important warnings for Isosorbide Dinitrate?▼
Severe hypotension may occur with small doses. Amplification of vasodilatory effects by sildenafil can result in severe hypotension. Not recommended for acute myocardial infarction or heart failure. Contraindicated in patients allergic to isosorbide dinitrate. Do not use with drugs for erectile dysfunction or riociguat.
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Medical Disclaimer
This drug information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Drug information is sourced from the FDA National Drug Code Directory and Structured Product Labeling. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.