Lamivudine And Zidovudine
Generic Name: lamivudine and zidovudine
Brand Names:
Lamivudine And Zidovudine
11 DESCRIPTION Lamivudine and Zidovudine tablets, USP are combination tablets containing lamivudine and zidovudine. Lamivudine (EPIVIR) and zidovudine (RETROVIR, azidothymidine, AZT, or ZDV) are synthetic nucleoside analogues with activity against HIV-1. Lamivudine and Zidovudine tablets, USP are for oral administration.
Overview
11 DESCRIPTION Lamivudine and Zidovudine tablets, USP are combination tablets containing lamivudine and zidovudine. Lamivudine (EPIVIR) and zidovudine (RETROVIR, azidothymidine, AZT, or ZDV) are synthetic nucleoside analogues with activity against HIV-1. Lamivudine and Zidovudine tablets, USP are for oral administration.
Uses
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Lamivudine and zidovudine tablets a combination of 2 nucleoside analogues, are indicated in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Lamivudine and zidovudine tablets, a combination of 2 nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inibitors, are indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. (1)
Dosage
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION • Adults and Adolescents weighing greater than or equal to 30 kg: 1 tablet orally twice daily. ( 2.1 ) • Pediatrics weighing greater than or equal to 30 kg: 1 tablet orally twice daily. ( 2.2 ) • Because lamivudine and zidovudine tablet is a fixed-dose tablet and cannot be dose adjusted, lamivudine and zidovudine tablet is not recommended in patients requiring dosage adjustment or with hepatic impairment or experiencing dose-limiting adverse reactions. ( 2.3 , 4 ) 2.1 Recommended Dosage for Adults and Adolescents The recommended dosage of lamivudine and zidovudine tablet in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents weighing greater than or equal to 30 kg is 1 tablet (containing 150 mg of lamivudine and 300 mg of zidovudine) taken orally twice daily.
Side Effects
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are discussed in other sections of the labeling: • Hematologic toxicity, including neutropenia and anemia [see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. • Symptomatic myopathy [see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )]. • Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis [see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )]. • Exacerbations of hepatitis B [see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )]. • Hepatic decompensation in patients co-infected with HIV-1 and hepatitis C [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )]. • Exacerbation of anemia in HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients receiving ribavirin and zidovudine [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )]. • Pancreatitis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )].
Interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS • Agents antagonistic with zidovudine: Concomitant use should be avoided. ( 7.1 ) • Hematologic/bone marrow suppressive/cytotoxic agents: May increase the hematologic toxicity of zidovudine. ( 7.1 ) • Sorbitol: Coadministration of lamivudine and sorbitol may decrease lamivudine concentrations; when possible, avoid chronic coadministration.
Warnings
WARNING: HEMATOLOGIC TOXICITY, MYOPATHY, LACTIC ACIDOSIS AND SEVERE HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS, and EXACERBATIONS OF HEPATITIS B Zidovudine, a component of lamivudine and zidovudine tablets, has been associated with hematologic toxicity including neutropenia and severe anemia, particularly in patients with advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) disease [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS • Hepatic decompensation, some fatal, has occurred in HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy and interferon alfa with/without ribavirin. Discontinue lamivudine and zidovudine tablet as medically appropriate and consider dose reduction or discontinuation of interferon alfa, ribavirin, or both. ( 5.5 ) • Exacerbation of anemia has been reported in HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients receiving ribavirin and zidovudine. Coadministration of ribavirin and zidovudine is not advised. ( 5.5 ) • Pancreatitis: Use with caution in patients with a history of pancreatitis or other significant risk factors for pancreatitis. Discontinue treatment as clinically appropriate. 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Lamivudine and zidovudine tablets are contraindicated in patients with a previous hypersensitivity reaction to lamivudine or zidovudine. Lamivudine and zidovudine tablets are contraindicated in patients with a previous hypersensitivity reaction to lamivudine or zidovudine. ( 4 )
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to lamivudine and zidovudine during pregnancy. Healthcare providers are encouraged to register patients by calling the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (APR) at 1-800-258-4263. Risk Summary Available data from the APR show no difference in the overall risk of birth defects for lamivudine or zidovudine compared with the background rate for birth defects of 2.7% in the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program (MACDP) reference population (see Data).
Storage
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Lamivudine and Zidovudine Tablets, USP containing 150 mg lamivudine and 300 mg zidovudine, are white, film coated, capsule shaped tablets debossed with 'H' and score line on one side and '2' on other side. They are available as follows: 6 Tablets/Bottle (NDC 43063-900-06) Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Lamivudine And Zidovudine used for?▼
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Lamivudine and zidovudine tablets a combination of 2 nucleoside analogues, are indicated in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Lamivudine and zidovudine tablets, a combination of 2 nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inibitors, are indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. (1)
What are the side effects of Lamivudine And Zidovudine?▼
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are discussed in other sections of the labeling: • Hematologic toxicity, including neutropenia and anemia [see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. • Symptomatic myopathy [see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )]. • Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis [see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )]. • Exacerbations of hepatitis B [see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )]. • Hepatic decompensation in patients co-infected with HIV-1 and hepatitis C [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )]. • Exacerbation of anemia in HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients receiving ribavirin and zidovudine [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )]. • Pancreatitis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )].
Can I take Lamivudine And Zidovudine during pregnancy?▼
8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to lamivudine and zidovudine during pregnancy. Healthcare providers are encouraged to register patients by calling the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (APR) at 1-800-258-4263. Risk Summary Available data from the APR show no difference in the overall risk of birth defects for lamivudine or zidovudine compared with the background rate for birth defects of 2.7% in the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program (MACDP) reference population (see Data).
What are the important warnings for Lamivudine And Zidovudine?▼
WARNING: HEMATOLOGIC TOXICITY, MYOPATHY, LACTIC ACIDOSIS AND SEVERE HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS, and EXACERBATIONS OF HEPATITIS B Zidovudine, a component of lamivudine and zidovudine tablets, has been associated with hematologic toxicity including neutropenia and severe anemia, particularly in patients with advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) disease [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS • Hepatic decompensation, some fatal, has occurred in HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy and interferon alfa with/without ribavirin. Discontinue lamivudine and zidovudine tablet as medically appropriate and consider dose reduction or discontinuation of interferon alfa, ribavirin, or both. ( 5.5 ) • Exacerbation of anemia has been reported in HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients receiving ribavirin and zidovudine. Coadministration of ribavirin and zidovudine is not advised. ( 5.5 ) • Pancreatitis: Use with caution in patients with a history of pancreatitis or other significant risk factors for pancreatitis. Discontinue treatment as clinically appropriate. 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Lamivudine and zidovudine tablets are contraindicated in patients with a previous hypersensitivity reaction to lamivudine or zidovudine. Lamivudine and zidovudine tablets are contraindicated in patients with a previous hypersensitivity reaction to lamivudine or zidovudine. ( 4 )
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Medical Disclaimer
This drug information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Drug information is sourced from the FDA National Drug Code Directory and Structured Product Labeling. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.