Metformin

Generic Name: metformin hydrochloride

BiguanidesPrescription Required

Brand Names:

Glucophage, Glucophage XR, Fortamet, Glumetza

Metformin is a first-line medication for type 2 diabetes that works by decreasing glucose production in the liver and improving your body's sensitivity to insulin. It is one of the most widely prescribed diabetes medications worldwide and has been used safely for decades.

Overview

Metformin is a first-line medication for type 2 diabetes that works by decreasing glucose production in the liver and improving your body's sensitivity to insulin. It is one of the most widely prescribed diabetes medications worldwide and has been used safely for decades.

Uses

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (as monotherapy or in combination with other medications). Sometimes used off-label for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), weight management, and prediabetes prevention.

Dosage

Adults: Usually started at 500 mg twice daily or 850 mg once daily with meals. May be increased gradually to a maximum of 2,550 mg/day in divided doses.

Side Effects

Common: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, loss of appetite, metallic taste. Serious (rare): Lactic acidosis.

Interactions

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors may increase lactic acidosis risk. Avoid excessive alcohol use.

Warnings

Do not use if you have severe kidney disease, metabolic acidosis, or diabetic ketoacidosis.

Pregnancy

Category B — Generally considered safe in pregnancy.

Storage

Store at room temperature (68–77°F / 20–25°C).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Metformin used for?

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (as monotherapy or in combination with other medications). Sometimes used off-label for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), weight management, and prediabetes prevention.

What are the side effects of Metformin?

Common: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, loss of appetite, metallic taste. Serious (rare): Lactic acidosis.

Can I take Metformin during pregnancy?

Category B — Generally considered safe in pregnancy.

What are the important warnings for Metformin?

Do not use if you have severe kidney disease, metabolic acidosis, or diabetic ketoacidosis.

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Medical Disclaimer

This drug information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Drug information is sourced from the FDA National Drug Code Directory and Structured Product Labeling. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.