Pentetate Zinc Trisodium
Generic Name: pentetate zinc trisodium
Brand Names:
Pentetate Zinc Trisodium
11 DESCRIPTION Pentetate zinc trisodium injection contains the sodium salt of zinc diethylenetriaminepentaacetate. Pentetate zinc trisodium is also known as trisodium zinc diethylenetriaminepentaacetate and is commonly referred to as Zn-DTPA. It has a molecular formula of Na 3 ZnC 14 H 18 N 3 O 10 and a molecular weight of 522.7 Daltons.
Overview
11 DESCRIPTION Pentetate zinc trisodium injection contains the sodium salt of zinc diethylenetriaminepentaacetate. Pentetate zinc trisodium is also known as trisodium zinc diethylenetriaminepentaacetate and is commonly referred to as Zn-DTPA. It has a molecular formula of Na 3 ZnC 14 H 18 N 3 O 10 and a molecular weight of 522.7 Daltons.
Uses
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Zn-DTPA is indicated for treatment of individuals with known or suspected internal contamination with plutonium, americium, or curium to increase the rates of elimination. Pentetate zinc trisodium injection is a radiomitigation chelator indicated for treatment of individuals with known or suspected internal contamination with plutonium, americium, or curium to increase the rates of elimination. ( 1 )
Dosage
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Chelation treatment is most effective if administered within the first 24 hours. Administer Ca-DTPA, if available, as the initial dose. ( 2.1 , 2.2 ) If Ca-DTPA is not available during the first 24 hours, in adults and adolescents, administer intravenously a single 1.0 gram Zn-DTPA initial dose. ( 2.1 ) in children less than 12 years of age, administer intravenously a single 14 mg/kg Zn-DTPA initial dose, not to exceed 1.0 gram. ( 2.1 ) After the first 24 hours, continue chelation therapy with Zn-DTPA: in adults and adolescents, administer intravenously 1.0 gram Zn-DTPA once daily. ( 2.1 ) in children less than 12 years of age, administer intravenously 14 mg/kg Zn-DTPA once daily, not to exceed 1.0 gram daily.
Side Effects
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS In the U.S. Registry, a total of 646 individuals received at least one dose of either Ca-DTPA or Zn-DTPA. Of these, 62 received Zn-DTPA by one or more routes of administration. Forty-eight individuals were dosed by intravenous administration, 18 by inhalation and 8 by other or unknown routes of administration. Of the individuals that received Zn-DTPA, 23/62 (37%) received one dose and 8 (13%) received two doses. The remaining 31 individuals received three or more doses. The largest number of Zn-DTPA doses to a single individual was 574 doses delivered over 3.5 years. Overall, the presence or absence of adverse events was recorded in 310/646 individuals. Of these 19 (6.1%) individuals reported at least one adverse event.
Interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Adequate and well-controlled drug-drug interaction studies in humans were not identified in the literature. When an individual is contaminated with multiple radiocontaminants, or when the radiocontaminants are unknown, additional therapies may be needed (e.g., Prussian blue, potassium iodide). Adequate and well-controlled drug-drug interaction studies in humans were not identified in the literature. ( 7 )
Warnings
WARNING: ASTHMA EXACERBATION WITH NEBULIZATION and DEPLETION OF TRACE METALS DURING THERAPY Nebulized Zn-DTPA may be associated with asthma exacerbation. ( 5.1 ) Zn-DTPA is associated with depletion of trace metals. The risk for depletion increases when Zn-DTPA is administered over several months. Monitor serum zinc levels, serum creatinine, BUN, electrolytes, urinalysis and blood cell counts during Ca-DTPA or Zn-DTPA therapy. 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Nebulized chelation therapy may be associated with exacerbation of asthma. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of asthma exacerbation when administering Zn-DTPA by the inhalation route. ( 5.1 ) Zn-DTPA is associated with depletion of endogenous trace metals (e.g., zinc, magnesium, manganese). ( 5.2 ) Take appropriate safety measures to minimize contamination of care-takers by contaminated body fluids. ( 5.3 ) 5.1 Asthma Exacerbation Nebulized chelation therapy is associated with asthma exacerbation. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of asthma exacerbation when administering Zn-DTPA by the inhalation route. 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None. None ( 4 )
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Category B Risk Summary There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of Zn-DTPA use in pregnant women. Chelation treatment of pregnant women should begin and continue with Zn-DTPA. Reproduction studies have been performed in pregnant mice at doses up to 31 times (11.5 mmol/kg) the recommended daily human dose and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to Zn-DTPA. There was a slight reduction in the average birth weight.
Storage
16.2 Storage Store between 15-30°C (59-86°F).
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Pentetate Zinc Trisodium used for?▼
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Zn-DTPA is indicated for treatment of individuals with known or suspected internal contamination with plutonium, americium, or curium to increase the rates of elimination. Pentetate zinc trisodium injection is a radiomitigation chelator indicated for treatment of individuals with known or suspected internal contamination with plutonium, americium, or curium to increase the rates of elimination. ( 1 )
What are the side effects of Pentetate Zinc Trisodium?▼
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS In the U.S. Registry, a total of 646 individuals received at least one dose of either Ca-DTPA or Zn-DTPA. Of these, 62 received Zn-DTPA by one or more routes of administration. Forty-eight individuals were dosed by intravenous administration, 18 by inhalation and 8 by other or unknown routes of administration. Of the individuals that received Zn-DTPA, 23/62 (37%) received one dose and 8 (13%) received two doses. The remaining 31 individuals received three or more doses. The largest number of Zn-DTPA doses to a single individual was 574 doses delivered over 3.5 years. Overall, the presence or absence of adverse events was recorded in 310/646 individuals. Of these 19 (6.1%) individuals reported at least one adverse event.
Can I take Pentetate Zinc Trisodium during pregnancy?▼
8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Category B Risk Summary There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of Zn-DTPA use in pregnant women. Chelation treatment of pregnant women should begin and continue with Zn-DTPA. Reproduction studies have been performed in pregnant mice at doses up to 31 times (11.5 mmol/kg) the recommended daily human dose and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to Zn-DTPA. There was a slight reduction in the average birth weight.
What are the important warnings for Pentetate Zinc Trisodium?▼
WARNING: ASTHMA EXACERBATION WITH NEBULIZATION and DEPLETION OF TRACE METALS DURING THERAPY Nebulized Zn-DTPA may be associated with asthma exacerbation. ( 5.1 ) Zn-DTPA is associated with depletion of trace metals. The risk for depletion increases when Zn-DTPA is administered over several months. Monitor serum zinc levels, serum creatinine, BUN, electrolytes, urinalysis and blood cell counts during Ca-DTPA or Zn-DTPA therapy. 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Nebulized chelation therapy may be associated with exacerbation of asthma. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of asthma exacerbation when administering Zn-DTPA by the inhalation route. ( 5.1 ) Zn-DTPA is associated with depletion of endogenous trace metals (e.g., zinc, magnesium, manganese). ( 5.2 ) Take appropriate safety measures to minimize contamination of care-takers by contaminated body fluids. ( 5.3 ) 5.1 Asthma Exacerbation Nebulized chelation therapy is associated with asthma exacerbation. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of asthma exacerbation when administering Zn-DTPA by the inhalation route. 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None. None ( 4 )
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Medical Disclaimer
This drug information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Drug information is sourced from the FDA National Drug Code Directory and Structured Product Labeling. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.