Ruxolitinib
Generic Name: ruxolitinib
Brand Names:
Opzelura
11 DESCRIPTION Ruxolitinib phosphate is a Janus kinase inhibitor with the chemical name ( R )-3-(4-(7 H -pyrrolo[2,3- d ]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1 H -pyrazol-1-yl)-3-cyclopentylpropanenitrile phosphate and a molecular weight of 404.36 g/mol. Ruxolitinib phosphate has the following structural formula: Ruxolitinib phosphate is a white to off-white to light yellow to light pink powder. OPZELURA (ruxolitinib) cream is a white to off-white oil-in-water, solubilized emulsion cream for topical use.
Overview
11 DESCRIPTION Ruxolitinib phosphate is a Janus kinase inhibitor with the chemical name ( R )-3-(4-(7 H -pyrrolo[2,3- d ]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1 H -pyrazol-1-yl)-3-cyclopentylpropanenitrile phosphate and a molecular weight of 404.36 g/mol. Ruxolitinib phosphate has the following structural formula: Ruxolitinib phosphate is a white to off-white to light yellow to light pink powder. OPZELURA (ruxolitinib) cream is a white to off-white oil-in-water, solubilized emulsion cream for topical use.
Uses
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE OPZELURA is a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor indicated for: the topical short-term and non-continuous chronic treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in non-immunocompromised adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older whose disease is not adequately controlled with topical prescription therapies or when those therapies are not advisable. ( 1.1 ) the topical treatment of nonsegmental vitiligo in adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older. ( 1.2 ) Limitations of Use Use of OPZELURA in combination with therapeutic biologics, other JAK inhibitors or potent immunosuppressants such as azathioprine or cyclosporine is not recommended.
Dosage
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Atopic Dermatitis Apply a thin layer of OPZELURA topically twice daily to affected areas of up to 20% body surface area. ( 2.1 ) Do not use OPZELURA with occlusive dressings. ( 2.1 ) Adult and Pediatric Patients 12 Years of Age and Older Do not use more than one 60 gram tube of OPZELURA per week or one 100 gram tube per 2 weeks. ( 2.1 ) Pediatric Patients 2 to 11 Years of Age Do not use more than one 60 gram tube of OPZELURA per 2 weeks. ( 2.1 ) Nonsegmental Vitiligo Apply a thin layer of OPZELURA topically twice daily to affected areas of up to 10% body surface area. ( 2.2 ) Do not use more than one 60 gram tube of OPZELURA per week or one 100 gram tube per 2 weeks.
Side Effects
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS In atopic dermatitis, the most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 1%) are nasopharyngitis, diarrhea, bronchitis, ear infection, eosinophil count increased, urticaria, folliculitis, tonsillitis, rhinorrhea, upper respiratory tract infection, COVID-19, application site reactions, pyrexia, and white blood cell decreased. ( 6 ) In nonsegmental vitiligo, the most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 1%) are application site acne, application site pruritus, nasopharyngitis, headache, urinary tract infection, application site erythema, and pyrexia. ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Incyte Corporation at 1-855-463-3463 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch .
Interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Drug interaction studies with OPZELURA have not been conducted. Ruxolitinib is known to be a substrate for cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Inhibitors of CYP3A4 may increase ruxolitinib systemic concentrations whereas inducers of CYP3A4 may decrease ruxolitinib systemic concentrations [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . Strong Inhibitors of CYP3A4 Avoid concomitant use of OPZELURA with strong inhibitors of CYP3A4 as there is a potential to increase the systemic exposure of ruxolitinib and could increase the risk of OPZELURA adverse reactions [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] .
Warnings
WARNING: SERIOUS INFECTIONS, MORTALITY, MALIGNANCY, MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS, AND THROMBOSIS SERIOUS INFECTIONS Patients treated with oral Janus kinase inhibitors for inflammatory conditions are at risk for developing serious infections that may lead to hospitalization or death [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ) and Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )] . Reported infections include: Active tuberculosis, which may present with pulmonary or extrapulmonary disease. 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Serious Infections: Serious bacterial, mycobacterial, fungal and viral infections have occurred. Regularly monitor patients for infection and manage it promptly. ( 5.1 ) Non-melanoma Skin Cancers . Basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma have occurred. Perform periodic skin examinations during treatment and following treatment as appropriate. ( 5.3 ) Thrombosis. Thromboembolic events have occurred. ( 5.5 ) Cytopenias: Thrombocytopenia, anemia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, and leukopenia have occurred. Perform CBC monitoring as clinically indicated. ( 5.6 ) 5.1 Serious Infections Serious and sometimes fatal infections due to bacterial, mycobacterial, invasive fungal, viral, or other opportunistic pathogens have been reported in patients receiving oral JAK inhibitors. 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None. None. ( 4 )
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in pregnant persons exposed to OPZELURA during pregnancy. Pregnant persons exposed to OPZELURA and healthcare providers should report OPZELURA exposure by calling 1-855-463-3463 or visiting www.opzelura.pregnancy.incyte.com. Risk Summary Available data from pregnancies reported in clinical trials with OPZELURA are not sufficient to evaluate a drug-associated risk for major birth defects, miscarriage, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes.
Storage
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING How Supplied OPZELURA is a white to off-white cream containing 1.5% ruxolitinib and is supplied in 60 g and 100 g tubes. 60 g tube: NDC 50881-007-05 100 g tube: NDC 50881-007-07 Storage and Handling Store OPZELURA at 20ºC to 25ºC (68ºF to 77ºF); excursions permitted from 15ºC to 30ºC (59ºF to 86ºF) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature] .
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Ruxolitinib used for?▼
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE OPZELURA is a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor indicated for: the topical short-term and non-continuous chronic treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in non-immunocompromised adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older whose disease is not adequately controlled with topical prescription therapies or when those therapies are not advisable. ( 1.1 ) the topical treatment of nonsegmental vitiligo in adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older. ( 1.2 ) Limitations of Use Use of OPZELURA in combination with therapeutic biologics, other JAK inhibitors or potent immunosuppressants such as azathioprine or cyclosporine is not recommended.
What are the side effects of Ruxolitinib?▼
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS In atopic dermatitis, the most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 1%) are nasopharyngitis, diarrhea, bronchitis, ear infection, eosinophil count increased, urticaria, folliculitis, tonsillitis, rhinorrhea, upper respiratory tract infection, COVID-19, application site reactions, pyrexia, and white blood cell decreased. ( 6 ) In nonsegmental vitiligo, the most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 1%) are application site acne, application site pruritus, nasopharyngitis, headache, urinary tract infection, application site erythema, and pyrexia. ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Incyte Corporation at 1-855-463-3463 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch .
Can I take Ruxolitinib during pregnancy?▼
8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in pregnant persons exposed to OPZELURA during pregnancy. Pregnant persons exposed to OPZELURA and healthcare providers should report OPZELURA exposure by calling 1-855-463-3463 or visiting www.opzelura.pregnancy.incyte.com. Risk Summary Available data from pregnancies reported in clinical trials with OPZELURA are not sufficient to evaluate a drug-associated risk for major birth defects, miscarriage, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes.
What are the important warnings for Ruxolitinib?▼
WARNING: SERIOUS INFECTIONS, MORTALITY, MALIGNANCY, MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS, AND THROMBOSIS SERIOUS INFECTIONS Patients treated with oral Janus kinase inhibitors for inflammatory conditions are at risk for developing serious infections that may lead to hospitalization or death [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ) and Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )] . Reported infections include: Active tuberculosis, which may present with pulmonary or extrapulmonary disease. 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Serious Infections: Serious bacterial, mycobacterial, fungal and viral infections have occurred. Regularly monitor patients for infection and manage it promptly. ( 5.1 ) Non-melanoma Skin Cancers . Basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma have occurred. Perform periodic skin examinations during treatment and following treatment as appropriate. ( 5.3 ) Thrombosis. Thromboembolic events have occurred. ( 5.5 ) Cytopenias: Thrombocytopenia, anemia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, and leukopenia have occurred. Perform CBC monitoring as clinically indicated. ( 5.6 ) 5.1 Serious Infections Serious and sometimes fatal infections due to bacterial, mycobacterial, invasive fungal, viral, or other opportunistic pathogens have been reported in patients receiving oral JAK inhibitors. 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None. None. ( 4 )
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Medical Disclaimer
This drug information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Drug information is sourced from the FDA National Drug Code Directory and Structured Product Labeling. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.