Tizandine
Generic Name: tizandine
Brand Names:
Tizandine
Tizanidine hydrochloride is a central alpha2-adrenergic agonist. Tizanidine hydrochloride, USP is a white to off-white, fine crystalline powder, which is odorless or with a faint characteristic odor. Tizanidine is slightly soluble in water and methanol; solubility in water decreases as the pH increases. Its chemical name is 5-chloro-4-(2-imidazolin-2-ylamino)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole monohydrochloride.
Overview
Tizanidine hydrochloride is a central alpha2-adrenergic agonist. Tizanidine hydrochloride, USP is a white to off-white, fine crystalline powder, which is odorless or with a faint characteristic odor. Tizanidine is slightly soluble in water and methanol; solubility in water decreases as the pH increases. Its chemical name is 5-chloro-4-(2-imidazolin-2-ylamino)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole monohydrochloride.
Uses
Tizanidine is a central alpha-2-adrenergic agonist indicated for the management of spasticity. Because of the short duration of therapeutic effect, treatment with tizanidine should be reserved for those daily activities and times when relief of spasticity is most important [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].
Dosage
2.1 Dosing Information Tizanidine tablets may be prescribed with or without food. Once the formulation has been selected and the decision to take with or without food has been made, this regimen should not be altered. Food has complex effects on tizanidine pharmacokinetics, which differ with the different formulations. Tizanidine Capsules and tizanidine tablets are bioequivalent to each other under fasting conditions (more than 3 hours after a meal), but not under fed conditions (within 30 minutes of a meal). These pharmacokinetic differences may result in clinically significant differences when switching administration of tablet and capsules and when switching administration between the fed or fasted state.
Side Effects
The following adverse reactions are described elsewhere in other sections of the prescribing information: Hypotension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] Liver Injury [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Sedation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] Hallucinosis/Psychotic-Like Symptoms [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical studies are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical studies of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical studies of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.
Interactions
7.1 Fluvoxamine Concomitant use of fluvoxamine and tizanidine is contraindicated. Changes in pharmacokinetics of tizanidine when administered with fluvoxamine resulted in significantly decreased blood pressure, increased drowsiness, and increased psychomotor impairment. [see Contraindications (4) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] 7.2 Ciprofloxacin Concomitant use of ciprofoxacin and tizanidine is contraindicated.
Warnings
5.1 Hypotension Tizanidine is an α2-adrenergic agonist that can produce hypotension. Syncope has been reported in the post marketing setting. The chance of significant hypotension may possibly be minimized by titration of the dose and by focusing attention on signs and symptoms of hypotension prior to dose advancement. In addition, patients moving from a supine to fixed upright position may be at increased risk for hypotension and orthostatic effects. Monitor for hypotension when tizanidine is used in patients receiving concurrent antihypertensive therapy. It is not recommended that tizanidine be used with other α2-adrenergic agonists. Tizanidine is contraindicated in patients taking potent inhibitors of CYP1A2, such as fluvoxamine or ciprofloxacin [see Drug Interactions (7.1, 7.2)].
Storage
16.2 Tizanidine Tablets Tizanidine (tizanidine hydrochloride) tablets, USP are available as white to off-white, round, flat, bevel edged uncoated tablets containing 2 mg or 4 mg of tizanidine. Tizanidine tablets USP, 2 mg are debossed with "U" and "168" on one side and bisecting score on other side.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Tizandine used for?▼
Tizanidine is a central alpha-2-adrenergic agonist indicated for the management of spasticity. Because of the short duration of therapeutic effect, treatment with tizanidine should be reserved for those daily activities and times when relief of spasticity is most important [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].
What are the side effects of Tizandine?▼
The following adverse reactions are described elsewhere in other sections of the prescribing information: Hypotension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] Liver Injury [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Sedation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] Hallucinosis/Psychotic-Like Symptoms [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical studies are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical studies of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical studies of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.
What are the important warnings for Tizandine?▼
5.1 Hypotension Tizanidine is an α2-adrenergic agonist that can produce hypotension. Syncope has been reported in the post marketing setting. The chance of significant hypotension may possibly be minimized by titration of the dose and by focusing attention on signs and symptoms of hypotension prior to dose advancement. In addition, patients moving from a supine to fixed upright position may be at increased risk for hypotension and orthostatic effects. Monitor for hypotension when tizanidine is used in patients receiving concurrent antihypertensive therapy. It is not recommended that tizanidine be used with other α2-adrenergic agonists. Tizanidine is contraindicated in patients taking potent inhibitors of CYP1A2, such as fluvoxamine or ciprofloxacin [see Drug Interactions (7.1, 7.2)].
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Medical Disclaimer
This drug information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Drug information is sourced from the FDA National Drug Code Directory and Structured Product Labeling. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.