Adefovir Dipivoxil
Generic Name: adefovir dipivoxil
Brand Names:
Adefovir Dipivoxil
11 DESCRIPTION Adefovir dipivoxil is a diester prodrug of adefovir. Adefovir is an acyclic nucleotide analog with activity against human hepatitis B virus (HBV). The chemical name of adefovir dipivoxil is 9-[2-[[bis[(pivaloyloxy)methoxy]-phosphinyl]-methoxy]ethyl]adenine.
Overview
11 DESCRIPTION Adefovir dipivoxil is a diester prodrug of adefovir. Adefovir is an acyclic nucleotide analog with activity against human hepatitis B virus (HBV). The chemical name of adefovir dipivoxil is 9-[2-[[bis[(pivaloyloxy)methoxy]-phosphinyl]-methoxy]ethyl]adenine.
Uses
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Adefovir dipivoxil tablets are indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in patients 12 years of age and older with evidence of active viral replication and either evidence of persistent elevations in serum aminotransferases (ALT or AST) or histologically active disease. This indication is based on histological, virological, biochemical, and serological responses in adult patients with HBeAg+ and HBeAg- chronic hepatitis B with compensated liver function, and with clinical evidence of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus with either compensated or decompensated liver function.
Dosage
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION One tablet containing 10 mg adefovir dipivoxil once daily orally with or without food. ( 2.1 ) Dose adjustment in renal impairment for adults ( 2.2 ) Creatinine Clearance (mL/min) Creatinine clearance calculated by Cockcroft-Gault method using lean or ideal body weight. Greater than or equal to 50 30 to 49 10 to 29 Hemodialysis Patients Recommended dose and dosing interval 10 mg every 24 hours 10 mg every 48 hours 10 mg every 72 hours 10 mg every 7 days following dialysis No dose recommendations for ( 2.1 ): Non-hemodialysis patients with creatinine clearance less than 10 mL per minute. Adolescent patients with renal impairment.
Side Effects
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are discussed in other sections of the labeling: Severe acute exacerbations of Hepatitis [ S ee Boxed Warning , Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Nephrotoxicity [See Boxed Warning , Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Most common adverse reaction (incidence greater than 5%) in compensated liver disease patients were asthenia, headache, abdominal pain and nausea. ( 6.1 ) The most common adverse reaction in pre- and post- transplantation lamivudine-resistant liver disease patients was increased creatinine. ( 6.2 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Apotex Corp. at 1-800-706-5575or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Since adefovir is eliminated by the kidney, coadministration of adefovir dipivoxil with drugs that reduce renal function or compete for active tubular secretion may increase serum concentrations of either adefovir and/or these coadministered drugs [See Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3) ]. Patients should be monitored closely for adverse events when adefovir dipivoxil is coadministered with drugs that are excreted renally or with other drugs known to affect renal function [ See Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . Adefovir dipivoxil should not be administered in combination with VIREAD [ See Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] .
Warnings
WARNING: SEVERE ACUTE EXACERBATIONS OF HEPATITIS, NEPHROTOXICITY, HIV RESISTANCE, LACTIC ACIDOSIS AND SEVERE HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis have been reported in patients who have discontinued anti-Hepatitis B therapy including adefovir dipivoxil tablets. Hepatic function should be monitored closely with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for at least several months in patients who discontinue anti-Hepatitis B therapy. 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis: Monitor hepatic function closely at repeated intervals for at least several months in patients who discontinue adefovir dipivoxil. ( 5.1 ) Nephrotoxicity: Monitor renal function during therapy for all patients, particularly those with pre-existing or other risks for renal impairment. Dose adjustment may be required. ( 5.2 ) HIV Resistance: Offer HIV testing to all patients prior to initiating adefovir dipivoxil. Untreated HIV may result in HIV resistance. ( 5.3 ) Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis: If suspected, suspend treatment. ( 5.4 ) Coadministration with Other Products: Do not administer adefovir dipivoxil concurrently with VIREAD ® or other tenofovir-containing products. 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Adefovir dipivoxil tablets are contraindicated in patients with previously demonstrated hypersensitivity to any of the components of the product. Adefovir dipivoxil tablets are contraindicated in patients with previously demonstrated hypersensitivity to any of the components of the product. ( 4 )
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to adefovir dipivoxil during pregnancy. Healthcare providers are encouraged to register patients by calling the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (APR) at 1-800-258- 4263. Risk Summary Prospective pregnancy data from the APR are not sufficient to adequately assess the risk of birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes.
Storage
Store in original container at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); excursions permitted from 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Do not use if seal over bottle opening is broken or missing.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Adefovir Dipivoxil used for?▼
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Adefovir dipivoxil tablets are indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in patients 12 years of age and older with evidence of active viral replication and either evidence of persistent elevations in serum aminotransferases (ALT or AST) or histologically active disease. This indication is based on histological, virological, biochemical, and serological responses in adult patients with HBeAg+ and HBeAg- chronic hepatitis B with compensated liver function, and with clinical evidence of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus with either compensated or decompensated liver function.
What are the side effects of Adefovir Dipivoxil?▼
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are discussed in other sections of the labeling: Severe acute exacerbations of Hepatitis [ S ee Boxed Warning , Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Nephrotoxicity [See Boxed Warning , Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Most common adverse reaction (incidence greater than 5%) in compensated liver disease patients were asthenia, headache, abdominal pain and nausea. ( 6.1 ) The most common adverse reaction in pre- and post- transplantation lamivudine-resistant liver disease patients was increased creatinine. ( 6.2 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Apotex Corp. at 1-800-706-5575or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Can I take Adefovir Dipivoxil during pregnancy?▼
8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to adefovir dipivoxil during pregnancy. Healthcare providers are encouraged to register patients by calling the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (APR) at 1-800-258- 4263. Risk Summary Prospective pregnancy data from the APR are not sufficient to adequately assess the risk of birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes.
What are the important warnings for Adefovir Dipivoxil?▼
WARNING: SEVERE ACUTE EXACERBATIONS OF HEPATITIS, NEPHROTOXICITY, HIV RESISTANCE, LACTIC ACIDOSIS AND SEVERE HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis have been reported in patients who have discontinued anti-Hepatitis B therapy including adefovir dipivoxil tablets. Hepatic function should be monitored closely with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for at least several months in patients who discontinue anti-Hepatitis B therapy. 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis: Monitor hepatic function closely at repeated intervals for at least several months in patients who discontinue adefovir dipivoxil. ( 5.1 ) Nephrotoxicity: Monitor renal function during therapy for all patients, particularly those with pre-existing or other risks for renal impairment. Dose adjustment may be required. ( 5.2 ) HIV Resistance: Offer HIV testing to all patients prior to initiating adefovir dipivoxil. Untreated HIV may result in HIV resistance. ( 5.3 ) Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis: If suspected, suspend treatment. ( 5.4 ) Coadministration with Other Products: Do not administer adefovir dipivoxil concurrently with VIREAD ® or other tenofovir-containing products. 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Adefovir dipivoxil tablets are contraindicated in patients with previously demonstrated hypersensitivity to any of the components of the product. Adefovir dipivoxil tablets are contraindicated in patients with previously demonstrated hypersensitivity to any of the components of the product. ( 4 )
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Medical Disclaimer
This drug information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Drug information is sourced from the FDA National Drug Code Directory and Structured Product Labeling. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.