Lithium Carbonate

Generic Name: lithium carbonate

Over-the-Counter (OTC)

Brand Names:

Lithium Carbonate

Lithium carbonate is a mood-stabilizing agent available as capsules indicated as monotherapy for bipolar I disorder, including treatment of acute manic and mixed episodes and maintenance treatment in patients 7 years and older.

Overview

Lithium carbonate is a mood-stabilizing agent available as capsules indicated as monotherapy for bipolar I disorder, including treatment of acute manic and mixed episodes and maintenance treatment in patients 7 years and older.

Uses

Indicated as monotherapy for bipolar I disorder: treatment of acute manic and mixed episodes in patients 7 years and older, and maintenance treatment in patients 7 years and older.

Dosage

Adults/pediatric >30 kg: start 300 mg three times daily. Pediatric 20-30 kg: start 300 mg twice daily. Target serum concentrations: acute 0.8-1.2 mEq/L, maintenance 0.8-1 mEq/L. Monitor serum levels after 3 days and regularly until stabilized.

Side Effects

Common: fine hand tremor, polyuria, mild thirst, nausea. Pediatric patients may experience nausea/vomiting, polyuria, thyroid abnormalities, tremor, dizziness, rash, ataxia, decreased appetite, blurry vision.

Interactions

Diuretics, NSAIDs, renin-angiotensin antagonists, metronidazole, and serotonergic agents may increase lithium levels. Antipsychotics increase neurologic adverse reaction risk. SGLT2 inhibitors may decrease lithium levels.

Warnings

Lithium toxicity closely related to serum concentrations and can occur at doses near therapeutic range. Facilities for prompt accurate serum lithium determinations required before initiating treatment. Serious risks include polyuria, hyponatremia, chronic kidney disease, encephalopathic syndrome, hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism, hypercalcemia, and serotonin syndrome.

Pregnancy

Lithium may cause fetal harm. Early reports suggested increased cardiovascular malformations (especially Ebstein's anomaly) with first trimester use. Breastfeeding not recommended as lithium passes into breastmilk with potential for infant toxicity.

Storage

Store at 20-25 degrees C (68-77 degrees F). Protect from moisture. Do not use if blister torn or broken.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Lithium Carbonate used for?

Indicated as monotherapy for bipolar I disorder: treatment of acute manic and mixed episodes in patients 7 years and older, and maintenance treatment in patients 7 years and older.

What are the side effects of Lithium Carbonate?

Common: fine hand tremor, polyuria, mild thirst, nausea. Pediatric patients may experience nausea/vomiting, polyuria, thyroid abnormalities, tremor, dizziness, rash, ataxia, decreased appetite, blurry vision.

Can I take Lithium Carbonate during pregnancy?

Lithium may cause fetal harm. Early reports suggested increased cardiovascular malformations (especially Ebstein's anomaly) with first trimester use. Breastfeeding not recommended as lithium passes into breastmilk with potential for infant toxicity.

What are the important warnings for Lithium Carbonate?

Lithium toxicity closely related to serum concentrations and can occur at doses near therapeutic range. Facilities for prompt accurate serum lithium determinations required before initiating treatment. Serious risks include polyuria, hyponatremia, chronic kidney disease, encephalopathic syndrome, hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism, hypercalcemia, and serotonin syndrome.

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Medical Disclaimer

This drug information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Drug information is sourced from the FDA National Drug Code Directory and Structured Product Labeling. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.