Maraviroc
Generic Name: maraviroc
Brand Names:
Maraviroc
11 DESCRIPTION Maraviroc is a selective, slowly reversible, small molecule antagonist of the interaction between human CCR5 and HIV-1 gp120. Blocking this interaction prevents CCR5-tropic HIV-1 entry into cells. Maraviroc film-coated tablets for oral administration contain 150, or 300 mg of maraviroc and the following inactive ingredients: anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate.
Overview
11 DESCRIPTION Maraviroc is a selective, slowly reversible, small molecule antagonist of the interaction between human CCR5 and HIV-1 gp120. Blocking this interaction prevents CCR5-tropic HIV-1 entry into cells. Maraviroc film-coated tablets for oral administration contain 150, or 300 mg of maraviroc and the following inactive ingredients: anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate.
Uses
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Maraviroc tablets are indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of only CCR5-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older weighing at least 10 kg. Limitations of Use: Maraviroc tablets are not recommended in patients with dual/mixed- or CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 [see Microbiology ( 12.4 )]. Maraviroc tablet is a CCR5 co-receptor antagonist indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of only CCR5-tropic HIV-1 infection in adults and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older weighing at least 10 kg. ( 1 ) Limitations of Use: Not recommended in patients with dual/mixed- or CXCR4-tropic HIV-1. ( 1 )
Dosage
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Prior to initiation of maraviroc tablets for treatment of HIV-1 infection, test all patients for CCR5 tropism using a highly sensitive tropism assay. ( 2.1 ) Maraviroc tablets are taken twice daily by mouth and may be taken with or without food. Maraviroc tablets must be given in combination with other antiretroviral medications.
Side Effects
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are discussed in other sections of the labeling: Hepatotoxicity [ see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Severe Skin and Hypersensitivity Reactions [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 ) ] Cardiovascular Events [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] The most common adverse events in treatment-experienced adult subjects (greater than 8% incidence) which occurred at a higher frequency compared with placebo are upper respiratory tract infections, cough, pyrexia, rash, and dizziness.
Interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Coadministration with CYP3A inhibitors, including protease inhibitors (except tipranavir/ritonavir), will increase the concentration of maraviroc. ( 7.1 ) Coadministration with CYP3A inducers, including efavirenz, may decrease the concentration of maraviroc. ( 7.1 ) Coadministration with St. John's wort is not recommended. ( 7.1 ) 7.1 Effect of Concomitant Drugs on the Pharmacokinetics of Maraviroc Maraviroc is metabolized by CYP3A and is also a substrate for P-glycoprotein (P-gp), organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B1, and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP)2. The pharmacokinetics of maraviroc are likely to be modulated by inhibitors and inducers of CYP3A and P-gp and may be modulated by inhibitors of OATP1B1 and MRP2.
Warnings
WARNING: HEPATOTOXICITY Hepatotoxicity has been reported with use of maraviroc tablets. Severe rash or evidence of a systemic allergic reaction (e.g., fever, eosinophilia, or elevated IgE) prior to the development of hepatotoxicity may occur. Patients with signs or symptoms of hepatitis or allergic reaction following use of maraviroc tablets should be evaluated immediately [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Hepatotoxicity accompanied by severe rash or systemic allergic reaction, including potentially life-threatening events, has been reported. Hepatic laboratory parameters including ALT, AST, and bilirubin should be obtained prior to starting maraviroc tablets and at other time points during treatment as clinically indicated. If rash or symptoms or signs of hepatitis or allergic reaction develop, hepatic laboratory parameters should be monitored and discontinuation of treatment should be considered. When administering maraviroc tablets to patients with pre-existing liver dysfunction or who are co-infected with hepatitis B and/or C virus, additional monitoring may be warranted. 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Maraviroc tablets are contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment or ESRD (CrCl less than 30 mL per minute) who are concomitantly taking potent CYP3A inhibitors or inducers [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] .
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to Maraviroc during pregnancy. Physicians are encouraged to register patients by calling the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (APR) at 1-800-258-4263. Risk Summary Limited data on the use of maraviroc during pregnancy from the APR and case reports are not sufficient to inform a drug-associated risk of birth defects and miscarriage. In animal reproduction studies, no evidence of adverse developmental outcomes was observed with maraviroc.
Storage
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Maraviroc film-coated tablets are available as follows: 150-mg white to off-white color, oval, biconvex, film-coated tablet debossed with "NAV" and "125" one side and plain on the other side.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Maraviroc used for?▼
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Maraviroc tablets are indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of only CCR5-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older weighing at least 10 kg. Limitations of Use: Maraviroc tablets are not recommended in patients with dual/mixed- or CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 [see Microbiology ( 12.4 )]. Maraviroc tablet is a CCR5 co-receptor antagonist indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of only CCR5-tropic HIV-1 infection in adults and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older weighing at least 10 kg. ( 1 ) Limitations of Use: Not recommended in patients with dual/mixed- or CXCR4-tropic HIV-1. ( 1 )
What are the side effects of Maraviroc?▼
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are discussed in other sections of the labeling: Hepatotoxicity [ see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Severe Skin and Hypersensitivity Reactions [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 ) ] Cardiovascular Events [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] The most common adverse events in treatment-experienced adult subjects (greater than 8% incidence) which occurred at a higher frequency compared with placebo are upper respiratory tract infections, cough, pyrexia, rash, and dizziness.
Can I take Maraviroc during pregnancy?▼
8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to Maraviroc during pregnancy. Physicians are encouraged to register patients by calling the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (APR) at 1-800-258-4263. Risk Summary Limited data on the use of maraviroc during pregnancy from the APR and case reports are not sufficient to inform a drug-associated risk of birth defects and miscarriage. In animal reproduction studies, no evidence of adverse developmental outcomes was observed with maraviroc.
What are the important warnings for Maraviroc?▼
WARNING: HEPATOTOXICITY Hepatotoxicity has been reported with use of maraviroc tablets. Severe rash or evidence of a systemic allergic reaction (e.g., fever, eosinophilia, or elevated IgE) prior to the development of hepatotoxicity may occur. Patients with signs or symptoms of hepatitis or allergic reaction following use of maraviroc tablets should be evaluated immediately [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Hepatotoxicity accompanied by severe rash or systemic allergic reaction, including potentially life-threatening events, has been reported. Hepatic laboratory parameters including ALT, AST, and bilirubin should be obtained prior to starting maraviroc tablets and at other time points during treatment as clinically indicated. If rash or symptoms or signs of hepatitis or allergic reaction develop, hepatic laboratory parameters should be monitored and discontinuation of treatment should be considered. When administering maraviroc tablets to patients with pre-existing liver dysfunction or who are co-infected with hepatitis B and/or C virus, additional monitoring may be warranted. 4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Maraviroc tablets are contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment or ESRD (CrCl less than 30 mL per minute) who are concomitantly taking potent CYP3A inhibitors or inducers [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] .
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Medical Disclaimer
This drug information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Drug information is sourced from the FDA National Drug Code Directory and Structured Product Labeling. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.