Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)
Also known as: CMP, Chem 14, Metabolic Panel, Chemistry Panel
The comprehensive metabolic panel is an expanded version of the basic metabolic panel (BMP), measuring 14 substances in your blood. It includes everything in the BMP plus liver function tests and total protein/albumin. It provides a thorough overview of your body's metabolism, kidney and liver function, and electrolyte balance.
Purpose
Comprehensive health screening during annual checkups. Monitoring chronic conditions (diabetes, kidney disease, liver disease). Evaluating medication side effects on liver and kidneys. Pre-surgical assessment. Investigating symptoms like jaundice, abdominal pain, fatigue, or dark urine. Follow-up for previously abnormal lab results.
Preparation
Fasting for 10–12 hours is typically required for accurate glucose results. Water is usually allowed during the fasting period. Take medications as usual unless specifically instructed otherwise by your doctor.
Procedure
Standard blood draw from a vein in your arm. Blood is collected in tubes and processed by an automated chemistry analyzer. The entire draw takes about 5 minutes.
Normal Range
Includes all BMP values plus: ALT (alanine aminotransferase): 7–56 U/L. AST (aspartate aminotransferase): 10–40 U/L. ALP (alkaline phosphatase): 44–147 U/L. Bilirubin (total): 0.1–1.2 mg/dL. Albumin: 3.5–5.0 g/dL. Total protein: 6.0–8.3 g/dL.
Abnormal Results
Elevated ALT/AST may indicate liver inflammation, hepatitis, fatty liver disease, or medication-related liver damage. Elevated ALP may suggest bile duct obstruction, bone disease, or liver disease. Elevated bilirubin causes jaundice and may indicate liver disease, bile duct problems, or excessive red blood cell breakdown. Low albumin may indicate liver disease, malnutrition, kidney disease (nephrotic syndrome), or chronic inflammation.
Risks
Minimal risks — standard blood draw.
Turnaround Time
Results typically available within 24 hours.
Estimated Cost
$30–$200 without insurance. Usually covered by insurance for routine screening.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) test?▼
The comprehensive metabolic panel is an expanded version of the basic metabolic panel (BMP), measuring 14 substances in your blood. It includes everything in the BMP plus liver function tests and total protein/albumin. It provides a thorough overview of your body's metabolism, kidney and liver function, and electrolyte balance.
What is the normal range for a Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)?▼
Includes all BMP values plus: ALT (alanine aminotransferase): 7–56 U/L. AST (aspartate aminotransferase): 10–40 U/L. ALP (alkaline phosphatase): 44–147 U/L. Bilirubin (total): 0.1–1.2 mg/dL. Albumin: 3.5–5.0 g/dL. Total protein: 6.0–8.3 g/dL.
How do I prepare for a Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)?▼
Fasting for 10–12 hours is typically required for accurate glucose results. Water is usually allowed during the fasting period. Take medications as usual unless specifically instructed otherwise by your doctor.
What do abnormal Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) results mean?▼
Elevated ALT/AST may indicate liver inflammation, hepatitis, fatty liver disease, or medication-related liver damage. Elevated ALP may suggest bile duct obstruction, bone disease, or liver disease. Elevated bilirubin causes jaundice and may indicate liver disease, bile duct problems, or excessive red blood cell breakdown. Low albumin may indicate liver disease, malnutrition, kidney disease (nephrotic syndrome), or chronic inflammation.
Related Lab Tests
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
Hematology
A complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most commonly ordered blood tests. It measures the types and numbers of cells in your blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. A CBC provides a broad snapshot of your overall health and can help detect a wide range of disorders.
Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)
Chemistry
The basic metabolic panel is a group of 8 blood tests that measure your blood sugar (glucose), electrolyte and fluid balance, and kidney function. It provides critical information about your body's chemical balance and metabolism.
Lipid Panel
Chemistry
A lipid panel measures the levels of fats (lipids) in your blood, including cholesterol and triglycerides. It is a key tool for assessing your risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart attack and stroke. Regular lipid screening is recommended for all adults.
Medical Disclaimer
This lab test information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Lab results should always be interpreted by a qualified healthcare provider who knows your complete medical history. Normal ranges may vary between laboratories.